Thomas Alva Edison
Thomas Alva Edison was one of the most prolific inventors in history, known for developing devices that have greatly influenced life around the world. He was born on February 11, 1847, in Milan, Ohio, USA. As a child, Edison showed curiosity and an independent spirit. He had little formal schooling and was mostly self-taught, fueled by his love for reading and experimenting. His hearing problems began at a young age, which later shaped his solitary focus on invention and innovation.
Edison's career as an inventor took off in the late 19th century. One of his first major inventions was the phonograph in 1877, a device that could record and play back sound — a groundbreaking achievement that amazed the public and established his reputation as a genius. A few years later, he developed the practical incandescent light bulb, which would go on to revolutionize the world by replacing gas and oil lamps with safer, longer-lasting electric light.
To support his inventions, Edison established the first industrial research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey, where he and his team worked on hundreds of innovations. Over the course of his life, he received over 1,000 patents, including for the electric power system, the motion picture camera (kinetoscope), and improvements to the telegraph and telephone. His work laid the foundation for modern electric utilities and film technology.
Despite facing criticism for being more of a skilled entrepreneur than a pure scientist, Edison’s determination, creativity, and business sense transformed ideas into real-world applications. He passed away on October 18, 1931, in West Orange, New Jersey. Today, Edison is remembered not only for his inventions but also for his famous quote, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration,” reflecting his belief in hard work and perseverance.
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